As is known, the Russian language is incredibly rich in both lexical and a morphological point of view.And because foreigners have to spend far more than a year to study at least his speech with all the grammar and syntax.And, like any other language, in addition to independent parts of speech, and it requires service for linking words in a sentence, the convenience of decline, the correct formulation of questions.So in this article we will examine one of these categories, namely: what is an excuse for what it is and how to use it.
concepts and definitions
As mentioned earlier, the excuses are official parts of speech, and serve to connect words in a sentence.To be more precise, they express the dependence of nouns, pronouns and numerals of other words.Thus, they can show the relationship between any two objects (fabric with a pattern) or between the action and the object (to go to the pier), or between the sign and the object (Beautiful in the classroom).From unions prepositions differ in that they communicate the words in the interior of a simple sentence;except for their use are homogeneous terms, but otherwise their function is extensive.Similarity of the same with other auxiliary part of speech is that their properties are limited, this will be discussed later.
Properties prepositions as parts of speech
Firstly, they can not act as independent members in the proposal and are always attached to the words that are used, being an integral member with him.For example, in the sentence "In the river reflects the full moon," the preposition "in" with the word "river" is emphasized as a circumstance.Secondly, as we found out what the excuse it, as well as other auxiliary words, can not be changed for the deaths, old, time, and numbers, as opposed to the parts of speech with which they are used.However, they are always part of the issue in the declension of nouns, pronouns and numerals on cases and even help to do it, simplifying the task of the disciples.For example, try to decline the word "mother".
- I. n .: the stove is who?- Mama.
- R. n .: New Clothes anyone?- Mom.
- V. n .: Pope loves whom?- Mom.
- D. etc .: I will go to someone for advice?- to Mom.
- T. n .: proud grandmother whom?- Mom.
- P. P .: I write poetry about?- About my mother.
location in the sentence
addition to figure out what part of speech as an excuse, you must learn how to quickly find them in the text.Most often they are attached to nouns and pronouns, and therefore placed in front of them.For example, on the desk, the table in front of me, and so on. D. If before the word with which they are used, is the definition (adjective, numeral, possessive pronoun, communion), the preposition "passes" it forward and stands in front of him.For example: on a wooden desk, at my desk for a long time and so on. However, there are some momentum, which prepositions are used after the word to which they relate.It is a well-established phrases, or stylistic features of the author.For example: what for.
Classification of prepositions
For the convenience of studying the morphology of all the parts of speech are divided into types, types, discharges of any unifying principle.A similar division exists in the case of function words, it helps to better understand what an excuse in the Russian language, and why is it used.
So, there are 3 classifications of the parts of speech.
Firstly, the origin prepositions are divided into non-derivative ("primitives", ie. E. Initially apply to official said: to, by, on, under, over, for, and so on. D.) And derivatives (were formed bythe other part of speech).The latter, in turn, can be verbal (due later, despite despite) denominative (due, for, in continuation consideration the like, in view) and otnarechnymi (in, near, behind, in front).
Secondly, there are simple in composition (composed of one word and has one root: to, at, on, in), complex (several words within, notwithstanding) and compound (one word, several roots) prepositions(examples: from the due).
on semantic value
This classification prepositions most comprehensive, it includes 6 basic bits:
- space or "space" (p defines the word answer to the question "where?") In the table, outside the window,on the carpet, under a cabinet.
- time - "when?how long? ": for half an hour, from morning till night, during the week.
- objects - "what?about what / whom? ": to write about love, talking about school.
- course of action - the "how": with feeling, with love, with anxiety.
- reasons - "Why?": Boredom, shame, fear.
- Objectives - "why?for whom? ": for pleasure, for my mother.
Subtleties threads
So, we learned that such an excuse, and it is classified by the structure, origin and charges.For those who still do not quite understand the complexities of this part of the speech, explained some tricks.So, for example, quite a difficult topic: what is the excuse derived and how to distinguish in the sentence.Assistant to always serve a question as to independent parts of speech can be specified, and to the service - no.For example, in the sentence: "In the course of the river had a lot of twists," the second word is a noun ("where? - Within").In another case (for an hour, I could not sleep) is an excuse, as the expression given by a single question ("how long? - For an hour").Hence, another difficulty arises, namely, to properly determine how to write prepositions - with "E" at the end, or "I".It will have to learn them by heart: for, in the course of due, but later.
